Manual de usuario de la cámara Smena Symbol

Introducción

The Smena Symbol is a classic Soviet-era 35mm film camera, produced by LOMO from 1971 to 1991. Renowned for its robust design and straightforward operation, it was even used by Soviet climbers during their 1982 Everest ascent. This manual provides essential information for setting up, operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting your Smena Symbol camera.

Key features include a unique shutter button located near the lens mount, and a combined hammer for shutter cocking and film rewind, along with a roulette-style rewind handle.

Configuración

1. Cargando película

The Smena Symbol uses standard 35mm film. To load film:

1. Abra la parte posterior de la cámara deslizando el pestillo lateral.
2. Insert the film cartridge into the film chamber on the left side.
3. Tire de la guía de la película hacia el carrete de recogida de la derecha. Asegúrese de que las perforaciones de la película encajen en las ruedas dentadas.
4. Cierre la cámara con firmeza hasta que encaje.
5. Advance the film two frames by turning the film advance knob and pressing the shutter button to ensure the film is properly engaged. Check the rewind knob; it should rotate as you advance the film, indicating proper loading.

Figura 1: Interno view of the Smena Symbol camera, illustrating the film loading area with the film chamber on the left and the take-up spool on the right. The film path is clearly visible.

Operación de la cámara

1. Setting Film Speed (ISO/GOST)

On the top of the camera, there is a dial to set the film speed (GOST/ASA). Rotate this dial to match the ISO/GOST rating of your loaded film. This setting helps in determining appropriate exposure values.

Figura 2: Arriba view of the Smena Symbol camera. Visible are the film advance knob, the film counter, and the dial for setting film speed (GOST/ASA) which is crucial for correct exposure.

2. Setting Aperture and Shutter Speed

The Smena Symbol features a LOMO T-43 lens (4/40mm). Aperture (f-stop) and shutter speed are set manually using rings around the lens.

• Abertura: Adjust the aperture ring to control the amount of light entering the lens and the depth of field. Values typically range from f/4 to f/16.
• Velocidad de obturación: Adjust the shutter speed ring to control the duration the shutter remains open. Common speeds include 1/15, 1/30, 1/60, 1/125, 1/250 seconds, and 'B' for bulb mode.

Proper exposure requires balancing these two settings based on lighting conditions and film speed. The camera often has symbols (sun, cloud, etc.) on the aperture ring to guide exposure in different light.

Figura 3: Frente view of the Smena Symbol camera, highlighting the LOMO T-43 lens. The rings around the lens are used to manually set the aperture (f-stops) and shutter speed, which are essential for controlling exposure.

3. Enfoque

The Smena Symbol typically uses zone focusing. Estimate the distance to your subject and set the focus ring on the lens to the corresponding distance marker (e.g., 1.5m, 3m, infinity). Some models may have symbols for portraits, groups, and landscapes.

4. Tomar una fotografía

1. Advance the film using the film advance knob until it stops. This also cocks the shutter.
2. Encuadre su toma usando el viewdescubridor.
3. Press the shutter button, located next to the lens mount on the front of the camera, to take the picture.

5. Rebobinado de película

Una vez que se hayan expuesto todos los fotogramas del rollo de película:

1. Locate the film rewind release button (usually on the bottom or side of the camera). Press and hold it.
2. Turn the film rewind handle (roulette-style) clockwise until you feel the tension release, indicating the film is fully rewound into its cartridge.
3. Abra la parte posterior de la cámara y retire el cartucho de película.

Mantenimiento

• Limpieza de la lente: Utilice un paño suave sin pelusa o un cepillo para lentes para eliminar con cuidado el polvo y las manchas. Para manchas difíciles, aplique una solución limpiadora de lentes específica al paño, no directamente sobre la lente.
• Limpieza del cuerpo de la cámara: Wipe the camera body with a dry, soft cloth. Avoid using harsh chemicals or excessive moisture.
• Almacenamiento: Store the camera in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. If storing for extended periods, remove any film inside. The camera comes with a protective case.

Figura 4: The protective black leather case for the Smena Symbol camera, featuring the 'LOMO' brand name embossed on its front. This case helps protect the camera from dust and minor impacts during storage and transport.

Solución de problemas

• La película no avanza:

  Ensure the film is properly loaded and engaged with the take-up spool and sprockets. Check if the film advance knob is fully rotated after each shot.
• El obturador no dispara:

  Confirm the film has been advanced, which cocks the shutter. If the shutter is still not firing, check for any obstructions or debris around the shutter mechanism.

• Fotos borrosas:

  Verify that the focus ring is set to the correct distance for your subject. Ensure the camera is held steady during exposure, especially at slower shutter speeds. Check if the lens is clean.

• Fugas de luz:

  Inspect the camera back and film door for any gaps or damage that could allow light to enter. Ensure the camera back is securely closed.

Presupuesto

Figura 5: Un primer plano view of the camera's bottom, displaying the serial number '83377452'. This number is unique to each camera unit.

Garantía y soporte

Specific warranty information for the Smena Symbol camera is not provided within this manual. For details regarding warranty coverage or technical support, please refer to the original purchase documentation or contact the retailer from whom the camera was acquired.

Como este es un vintage camera, support may be limited. Online communities and specialized repair shops for vintage cameras may offer additional resources.